This diagram of hawaiis kilauea volcano shows the underground plumbing and paths of magma. When the eruption ends, liquid lava often drains leaving an open cave see. The volcanic crater was formed by the collapse of the volcano, mount mazama, about 7,500 years ago. The 195960 eruption of kilauea volcano, hawaii petrology of the kilauea iki lava lake, hawaii by donald h. Find the sunset crater volcano web quest and click on the link titled types of volcano hazards. Diagram illustrating the formation processes of the main types of volcanic crater. Mount etna, italy dormant volcanoes are volcanoes that have not erupted in the past 10,000 years, but. The crater is created after an eruption blows the top off the volcano. The structure of a volcano side vents vent summit crater magma chamber. Therefore, on earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are. Most volcanoes are cone shaped mountains like this one in the diagram. Pit craters are often found in a series of aligned or offset chains and in these cases, the features is.
Stratovolcanoes sometimes have a crater at the summit that is. Cause and effect describe a cause and effect relationship in the description of a shield volcano on page 10. Past studies have shown that the average depth of a simple crater is one fifth of its diameter when it is first formed. Its surface and crater were green and covered with vegetation, so the eruption was totally unexpected. In these cases, the lava vent is located at the bottom of the crater. As it fills in, the craters depth lessens robbins, hynek. This printable can be used as postunit assessment for earth science or volcanoes and earthquakes, or can be assigned as a takehome or independent completion activity. Volcano venn diagram answer key postlab lesson worksheet can erupt from many different openings can form calderas stratovolcano.
Secondary vents are smaller outlets through which magma escapes. Volcanoes form when parts of the earths solid mantle melts to form pockets of hot. Analysis of crater diameter and age arizona state university. There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake. A bowlshaped depression created by the activity of a volcano or geyser. Even modest eruptions, such as the 2010 eyjafjallajokull eruption in iceland, have.
Its basically a hole in the earth from which magma can erupt. This diagram has all the parts of a volcano clearly labelled. It is typically a bowlshaped feature within which occurs a vent or vents. Its greatest eruption, about 7,700 years ago, was the largest to. Pit craters are found on mercury, venus, earth, mars, and the moon. The lake partly fills a nearly 2,148foot 655meter deep caldera. Volcanoes are formed by the movement of tectonic plates the earths crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates.
Volcanoes can erupt from the crater on their peak or from asecondary vent on their side. Demonstrate your knowledge of volcanoes by labeling a diagram of a volcano. The diagram on page 15 helps me picture in my mind the different parts of a volcano. The crater forms when material is blown out of the volcano by explosions. Draw a diagram of a volcano, showing the basic structure and main parts. A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. A volcano that is composed completely of lava is called a shield volcano.
Moone abstract the 1959 summit eruption of kilauea volcano filled the crater of kilauea lki to a depth of 365 feet with 50 million cubic yards of tholeiitic basalt. This activity pairs well with the thirdgrade life science curriculum. If you hike to the rim of the crater, youll see a 360degree view of honolulu. The caldera measures 8x10 km in diameter and is filled with a lake of up to 600 m depth. When a volcano is active, it still has a chance of erupting even if it hasnt erupted in 1,000 or more years. Describe the hazard you named above and its effects. Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in. A volcano is a mountain that has lava hot, liquid rock coming out from a magma chamber under the ground, or did have in the past. Characteristics of different types of volcanoes and features type of form of volcano volcano size type of magma style of activity examples basalt plateau flat to gentle 100,000 to basalt gentle eruption columbia river slope 1,000,000 km2 from long fissures iceland 1 to 3 km thick shield volcano slightly sloped up to 9000 m basalt gentle, some. Crater lake volcano, oregon canada and usa mainland. Inside a volcano the magma chamber is a collection of magma inside the earth, below the volcano. So much molten rock was expelled that the summit area collapsed during the eruption to form a large volcanic depression, or caldera. Overview for geologic fieldtrip guides to mount mazama, crater lake. Photograph of crater lake by kyle jones, july 1986.
This illustrated science worksheet challenges students to label a colorful volcano diagram. Volcano diagram inside a volcano parts of a volcano. Indicate whether plutonic processes or volcanic processes are most associated. Label the parts of a volcano activity storyboard that. A cinder volcano is composed of just scoria cinder is an. Geologic field trip guide to mount mazama and crater lake caldera. How does the movement of material in the mantle relate. The history of the volcano is revealed by detailed study of the rocks exposed in the caldera wall and mapping of deposits on the flank of the volcano. Crater lake in the southern cascade range of oregon, usa, is one of the most beautiful calderas in the world. Diagram of volcanic crater types stock image e3800234.
Its greatest eruption, about 7,700 years ago, was the largest to occur in north. Top 10 deadliest volcanic eruptions in history duration. Dec 7, 2014 students label the parts of a volcano diagram using words provided in the word bank. Craters produced by the collision of a meteorite with the earth or another planet or moon are called impact craters. It is the main attraction of crater lake national park. A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetarymass object, such as earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface earths volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle. Volcanic crater definition of volcanic crater by the. Volcanoes are often found where tectonic plates are moving apart or coming together. The magma that pools beneath the volcano until the pressure. Definitions ash cloud an ash cloud is the cloud of ash magma chamber a magma chamber that forms in the air after some volcanic eruptions. Label the volcano diagram more on volcanos read the definitions, then label the diagram below. Search for volcano, drag and drop the diagram into a cell.
Diamond head is inactive, meaning it does not contain lava. Alternating layers of lava, ash, and cinders tall narrow volcanoes with symmetrical sides often violent eruptions shield volcano. These float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle. Cinder volcano a steep, conical hill consisting of glassy volcanic fragments that accumulate around and downwind from a volcanic vent. A word bank full of terms such as ash cloud, crater, and magma chamber will help them along the way. A constellation in the southern hemisphere near hydra and corvus. Crater definition of crater by the free dictionary. A pit crater also called a subsidence crater or collapse crater is a depression formed by a sinking or collapse of the surface lying above a void or empty chamber, rather than by the eruption of a volcano or lava vent. Helens in washington is composed of lava and other volcanic rocks like scoria, ash, and volcanic breccia that are formed by explosive eruptions. Color in the different parts of the volcano using the colors for each numbered spot on the diagram. This is a small and narrow type of crater which is formed by small explosions of lava, so the lava is still molten when it lands.
A volcano is a mountain that extends down to a pool of magma between the crust and mantle. While it is active, the names labeled on this diagram are used to describe places in the volcano. Characteristics of different types of volcanoes and features. This webpage has 6 hazards listed under the volcano diagram. Crater lake lies inside the collapsed remnants of an ancient volcano known as mount mazama. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a tubeshaped conduit, until they reach the craters vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and. A crater is a bowlshaped depression, or hollowedout area, produced by the impact of a meteorite, volcanic activity, or an explosion. These are typically very wide up to 1 kilometre but low lying. Jul 20, 2015 volcano diagram inside a volcano parts of a volcano volcanoes for kids volcano parts labelled volcano. The calm beauty of crater lake obscures the violent forces that formed it. Mount mazama and crater lake usgs publications repository. Maars and explosion craters are produced when hot magma.
A volcanic crater is typically a basin, circular in form, which can be large in radius and sometimes great in depth. Eventually, the crater is filled by debris, such as sand and dust, and can barely be seen. The word volcano is derived from the name of vulcano, a volcanic island in the aeolian islands of italy whose name in turn comes from vulcan, the god of fire in roman mythology. The diagram on page 10 shows how volcanoes become different shapes. The main vent is the main outlet for the magma to escape. The only active volcanoes in hawaii are on the big island. Use textables and arrows to label the major parts of the volcano and describe what they are. The highspeed impact of a large meteorite compresses, or forces downward, a wide area of rock. Structure of a volcano cross section of a volcano the learning company, inc examine the diagram above and answer each of the following questions.